Radu Marinescu, former Minister of Justice, claims that the recent decision of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) regarding the prescription does not invalidate the national standard in the matter of the prescription of criminal liability, set up by the decision ÎCCJ 67/2022.
According to him, the prescription is, in Romanian criminal law, an institution of substantial law, and the rules in this category fall under the principle of applying the more favorable criminal law.
“The CJEU actually «establishes» regarding the prescription a derogatory regime from the national one, exceptionally, for serious frauds affecting the financial interests of the EU, argued on the supremacy of European law, according to the interpretations given by the Court“, Radu Marinescu said.
He claims that the derogatory regime is required by the CJEU only in such cases and that the decision does not invalidate the entire reasoning of the ÎCCJ.
An “unstable and unclear” legislative and jurisprudential context
Marinescu states that the current situation must be analyzed in the context of legislative changes and court decisions in recent years, considering that Romania faced a precarious and unstable normative and jurisprudential framework.
According to him, the text of the Criminal Code from 2014 regarding the special prescription was deficient, a situation sanctioned by the Constitutional Court in 2018.
A part of the doctrine and jurisprudence then considered that the CCR’s decision was an interpretative one, which led, according to Marinescu, to a non-unitary application of the law. The situation was the subject of a new decision by the CCR in 2022, and the legislation was subsequently amended by an emergency ordinance.
“So, we found ourselves in a precarious, unstable, unclear and protracted normative-jurisprudential context, legislatively corrected in 2022, but which had prolonged legal effects over time and after this moment“, explained Marinescu.
He argues that national courts have been inclined to apply the national standard, while the CJEU has called for its disregard, as an exception, in cases affecting the financial interests of the European Union and where there is a systemic risk of impunity.
“It’s time to move on to the zodiac of facts”
Radu Marinescu believes that the situation shows the need to adopt a more carefully designed and more stable legislation, in order to avoid frequent changes and situations where the rules are invalidated from a constitutional point of view.
He also advocates for the efficiency of judicial activity, both in terms of criminal prosecution and trial of cases.
Among the measures he considers necessary are the stability of human resources, specialization, acceleration of digitization, improvement of infrastructure and the allocation of necessary resources to the judicial system.
“We live in a paradox, where we demand judicial perfection and severed heads, but we reduce or block the allocation of resources, we fight with the judiciary for rights that the Romanian state previously granted“, said Marinescu.
“We are now in the zodiac of words about justice, a subject politically instrumentalized by conjuncture. It is time to move on to the zodiac of facts“, he added.
In his view, the first step politicians can take is to end the current political instability so that the necessary reforms can be made.
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