Omeprazole is a drug commonly prescribed for problems such as gastric reflux, heartburn or indigestion. Although it is effective in reducing gastric acidity, specialists point out that it can also have side effects, some mild, some more serious, especially if it is taken long-term.
Omeprazole belongs to the category of proton pump inhibitors and works to reduce the amount of acid produced by the stomach. It is recommended both in case of gastro-oesophageal reflux and in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection, usually together with antibiotics. There are also over-the-counter versions, but these can only be taken for short periods, while most forms are only available on prescription, the Mirror reports.
Like any medicine, omeprazole can cause side effects. Some are more common and usually not serious.
Common side effects
Among the most common reactions are headaches, stomach pains, nausea or vomiting, constipation or diarrhea, but also bloating or more frequent passing of gas.
Medical guidelines state: “Omeprazole does not usually affect your ability to drive, cycle or use machines. But if you feel dizzy or have vision problems after taking it, wait until these side effects wear off.”
Specialists recommend that patients talk to a pharmacist or a doctor if they have side effects that bother them or do not go away. “They can give you advice on how to reduce side effects. Continue to take the medicine, unless you are told otherwise”, the recommendations state.
Rarer but serious side effects
Although less common, omeprazole can sometimes cause more serious reactions. The warning is clear: “The risk of serious side effects may be higher if you take omeprazole for a long time (a year or more).”
These problems include very low levels of vitamin B12, weakening of the bones, severe allergic reactions and skin rashes accompanied by joint pain.
Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause symptoms such as fatigue, dizziness, muscle spasms or weakness. Weak bones increase the risk of fractures, especially in the event of a fall or trauma.
A severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) may cause swelling of the throat or tongue, an itchy, raised skin rash, or difficulty breathing. The drug can also trigger a form of lupus, which is manifested by skin rashes, especially on areas exposed to the sun, and joint pain.
Official advice says it’s important to seek emergency medical help if “you are taking omeprazole and think you may have serious side effects”. It should also be borne in mind that these are not all possible drug reactions.
For the full list of side effects, patients are advised to read the leaflet or consult official medical sources. Any unusual reaction occurring during treatment should be discussed with a doctor or pharmacist.
