We all know what probiotics are and have heard of the billions of beneficial bacteria they contain. But not all of us know what these beneficial bacteria are supposed to do in our body and how exactly they help us. Doctors now have an even better tool to deal with dysbiosis and related health problems. The solution is called postbiotic.
For what the certain AdminUmm probiotic?
By administering probiotics, their probiotic bacteria enter our intestines, where they find the right temperature and humidity for their growth. And like all living things, they begin to look for ways to increase their population and preserve their species. But for this purpose, in addition to the optimal temperature and humidity, they also need nutritional components. In our intestines there are nutrients that are not absorbed by the body and are not broken down by our enzymes. However, in order for the probiotic bacteria to begin absorbing them, they must be broken down into the right nutrients. Probiotic bacteria have their own enzymes for this purpose. Therefore, probiotic bacteria break down the remaining nutrients, turning them into other substances called metabolites. Some of these metabolites “consume” them, with others they communicate with each other, with others they protect their population from other intestinal bacteria, and the rest provide us as “payment” for shelter, food and warmth. Or, in short, being in the intestinal tract, in order to exist, probiotic bacteria produce metabolites. This is their main function. It is these metabolites, not the bacteria themselves, that benefit them as well as the microbiota and our body as a whole.
Probiotic bacterial metabolites.
Metabolites represent hundreds of valuable biologically active substances. Conditionally, they can be divided into seven groups:
1. Digestive (enzymes) – break down complex nutrients into simple nutrients to be absorbed by the microbiota and the body.
2. Nutritional (amino acids, peptides, monosaccharides, vitamins, etc.) – they are a source of necessary and easily digestible nutrients for the microbiota and the body.
3. Anti-inflammatory-nutritional (short-chain fatty acids) – a source of essential nutrients and anti-inflammatory substances for colon cells. They maintain the balance of the intestinal microbiota and the water-electrolyte balance of the intestines. They activate local and systemic immunity.
4. Detoxifiers (acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, exopolysaccharides, bifidofactors, antioxidants, etc.) – metabolizes xenobiotics, destroys carcinogenic substances and mutagenic metabolites.
5. Antimicrobials (organic acids, hydrogen peroxide, lysozyme, bacteriocins, bacteriocin-like substances, etc.) – suppresses the activity and population of pathogenic microorganisms and supports the development of beneficial bacteria.
6. Immunological (negative regulatory signaling molecules, micro-RNAs, immunomodulatory metabolites, etc.) – stimulates the production of immunoglobulins and cytokines, regulating innate and adaptive immunity.
7. Neuro-signalers (neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, acetylcholine and GABA, and various compounds that can bind to receptors expressed in the brain, such as indoles and bile acids) – neuroactive compounds that act on both the gut and the central nervous system and have the potential to modulate behavior and cognitive function.
In order to develop and produce metabolites, the bacteria contained in probiotics must populate our body. And not anywhere, but in the biofilm that is on the lining of the epithelium of our intestines, where our own bacteria also live. There is simply no other place that could be populated by them. The biofilm completely covers our intestines from the inside. But our resident microbiota and local immune system keep out any foreign microorganisms. It cannot be otherwise. Otherwise, all kinds of harmful and other microorganisms would settle in the biofilm, disrupting our intestinal ecosystem.
The fate of administered probiotics is the same as that of all foreign microorganisms – that is, to transit through the lumen of our intestines, forming small groups of free-floating (planktonic) bacteria and to be naturally expelled from our bodies. Furthermore, our immune system, as well as the antimicrobial metabolites produced by our own microbiota, will suppress their development and destroy most of them.
Because of this, the few probiotic bacteria that manage to pass actively through our intestinal tract, and during their short transit time, will produce insufficient metabolites. Their effect on health will be minimal or non-existent.
To compensate for the deficiencies of probiotics and to improve probiotic therapy, a new type of probiotic preparations has appeared in recent years – POSTBIOTICS.
What does it represent? THE POSTBIOTIC?
Postbiotics contain all metabolites listed above, produced by probiotic bacteria outside the body in the comfortable conditions of special bioreactor facilities. Here, these bacteria are grown in an environment that contains the nutrients necessary for their growth without conflicting with the immune system and resident microbiota. Metabolites are present in a concentrated form.
In addition, postbiotics also contain inactivated (deliberately killed) cells of probiotic bacteria, also known as lysedtogether with their structural components (such as cell particles, cell wall particles, cell bioproducts, etc.). These include various biologically active substances such as DNA, RNA, enzymes, cytoplasmic proteins, biosurfactants, teichoic acids, peptidoglycans, polysaccharides, etc., all of which have significant health benefits.
It is important to note that postbiotics do not contain live microorganisms.
Why postbiotic and no probiotic?
By taking a postbiotic, the body receives directly all those metabolites that the probiotic bacteria contained in the probiotics cannot produce in sufficient quantity due to the unfavorable conditions existing in the intestinal tract.
The effects of postbiotics are carried out at different levels in the macroorganism: molecular (by influencing the replication and expression of genes, transcription and translation of genetic information), cellular (influencing the surface and membranes of cells, protein biosynthesis and energy production in mitochondria and ribosomes), in the hyaloplasm of cells ( affecting the localization of the nucleus, organs and cellular inclusions), in the extracellular matrix, in tissues, organs, systems and in the whole organism.
The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) postulates five mechanisms of action that stimulate postbiotic efficacy: modulation of the resident microbiota; improving epithelial barrier functions; modulation of local and systemic immune responses; regulation of systemic metabolic responses and systemic signaling through the nervous system.
What problems is it effective for? the postbiotic?
Postbiotic is a IMMUNOMODULATORS phenomenally proven effective in the fight against influenza viruses, coronaviruses, respiratory syncytial viruses and other viral infections, especially in the case of a compromised immune system.
In the antibiotic therapy, the administration of a postbiotic becomes crucial to compensate for the metabolites lost following the destruction of beneficial bacteria by the antibiotic. After finishing the antibiotic treatment, the postbiotic helps to quickly restore your own microbiota.
Postbiotic is effective in treating allergic and dermatological manifestationshaving the ability to detoxify the body, improve the functions of the epithelial barrier, correct the resident microbiota and regulate the immune system.
If food intolerancethe postbiotic provides the body with the enzymes needed to break down the relevant nutrients, which the body cannot produce on its own.
Postbiotics contribute to the solution digestive problems such as abdominal discomfort, bloating, weight and diarrhea, by regulating intestinal metabolism, supporting the microbiota and supporting the breakdown and absorption of nutrients.
If gastroenterological problemsthe postbiotic helps restore balance in the intestinal ecosystem, improve immunity and restore the intestinal mucosa and epithelium.
Postbiotic has a beneficial effect in reducing stress and improving mental statedue to its content of neurotransmitters that positively interact with the nervous system.
In general, the administration of postbiotics prophylactically contributes to the health of your own microbiotato the correct operation of the intestinal tractto maintain the immune system in shape and improving mental statethus preventing many unwanted problems in the body.
Don’t let summer viruses ruin your vacation. Postbiotics have an immediate effect in combating the symptoms of abdominal discomfort, allowing you to enjoy your holiday without worry.
