Although it represents only 2%-3% of all oncological diagnoses, pancreatic cancer is one of the most difficult forms of cancer, because it is usually detected late. The causes of the disease are not known, and the symptoms are vague and easy to ignore, doctors say.
What is pancreatic cancer and how does it occur?
“Pancreatic cancer is one of the most difficult forms of cancer, largely because it is discovered too late. The pancreas is an organ located deep in the abdomen, and the changes that occur at its level can evolve for a long time without specific signs of disease”explains Dr. Irina Anghel, specialist oncologist.
So far, researchers have not been able to clearly identify what causes this disease, but they have identified risk factors.
“The condition occurs when the cells of the pancreas begin to multiply uncontrollably as a result of genetic changes. Smoking is considered the main risk factor, along with obesity, diabetes, chronic pancreatitis, chronic alcohol consumption and advancing age. In some cases, or certain genetic diseases can increase the risk of pancreatic cancer. Also, carriers of BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations have a higher risk of developing pancreatic cancer during their lifetimei”, says the doctor.
“Symptoms are vague and easy to ignore”
Asked about the signs of the onset of the disease, Dr. Irina Anghel says:
“In the beginning, the symptoms are vague and easy to ignore. There are no specific symptoms. Diffuse abdominal pain (accentuated in the upper part) or back pain, lack of appetite, weight loss and severe fatigue may occur. As the disease progresses, jaundice, dark urine, and stool changes (soft, light-colored stool) may appear, signs that usually prompt a visit to the doctor.”
Treatments available for the disease
The treatment depends on the stage at which the disease is discovered, the oncologist explains:
,,Surgery offers the best chance of long-term survival, but is only possible in a small number of patients. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are frequently used to slow the progression of the disease and prolong survival with a good quality of life.”
However, research continues to give patients diagnosed with this disease as many chances as possible.
“Currently, research is focused on personalized therapies, such as targeted treatments and immunotherapy. In parallel, palliative care plays an essential role, helping patients to control their symptoms and maintain the best possible quality of life.”says Dr. Irina Angel.
